JNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENTPlastic PollutionThe pressing case for natural andenvironmentally friendly substitutes to plasticsUnitedNationsGeneva,2023©2023，United NationsAll rights reserved worldwideRequests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the Copyright ClearanceCenter at copyright.com.All other queries on rights and licences,including subsidiary rights,should be addressed to:United Nations Publications405 East 42nd StreetNew York,New York 10017United States of AmericaEmail:publications@un.orgWebsite:https://shop.un.org/The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do notnecessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States.The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legalstatus of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of itsfrontiers or boundaries.Mention of any firm or licensed process does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations.This publication has not been formally edited.United Nations publication issued by the United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNCTAD/DITC/TED/2023/21SBN978-92-1-101475-4eSBN:978-92-1-002722-9Sales No.23.ll.D.11